Surgical Treatment of Chronic Stress Fractures in Athletes

Orava S, Sarimo J, Heikkilä J, Lempainen L.

During 25 years (1982-2007) 170 chronic, painful, risk or nonunion stress fractures in athletes and dancers were treated surgically.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257257910_Paper_15_Surgical_Treatment_of_Chronic_Stress_Fractures_in_Athletes

Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery 2012; 28:e343–4.